Lesson 10 of 12

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Respect: tusi, ji and the plural

How Punjabi shows respect: tusi for one person, ji after names, and plural verbs for an elder.

Tusi for one person

Say ਤੁਸੀਂ (tusi) to anyone older than you, anyone you don’t know well and anyone you respect, even though it is also the plural. ਤੂੰ (tu) is for close friends, younger siblings and children, and for Waheguru in prayer, where it means closeness, not rudeness.

Tu with an elder is one of the few mistakes that can land badly. When in doubt, tusi.

  • ਤੁਸੀਂ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਹੋ?

    Tusi kiven ho?

    How are you? (respectfully)

    Elders more often hear ਕੀ ਹਾਲ ਹੈ ਜੀ? (Ki haal hai ji?)

  • ਤੂੰ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਹੈਂ?

    Tu kiven hain?

    How are you? (to a close friend)

Ji

ਜੀ (ji) after a name, a title or a relation makes it respectful: ਚਾਚਾ ਜੀ, ਮਾਤਾ ਜੀ, ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ. After yes and no it softens them: ਹਾਂਜੀ, ਨਹੀਂ ਜੀ. On its own, ਜੀ? is the polite answer when someone calls you.

  • ਚਾਚਾ ਜੀ

    Chacha ji

    Uncle, your father’s younger brother

  • ਮਾਤਾ ਜੀ

    Mata ji

    Mother; any elderly woman

  • ਜੀ?

    Ji?

    Yes? (answering when someone calls you)

  • ਸਤਿ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਅਕਾਲ ਜੀ

    Sat Sri Akal ji

    Hello (respectfully)

Plural verbs for one elder

When you talk about an elder, the verb and the possessive go plural, even for one person: ਪਾਪਾ ਜੀ ਆਏ ਹਨ (Papa ji aaye han), Dad has come; ਮੇਰੇ ਦਾਦਾ ਜੀ (mere dada ji), my grandfather. Speakers do the same for women: ਮੰਮੀ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ (Mummy kehnde han), Mom says.

The Gurus are always spoken of this way, with Ji and the plural.

  • ਪਾਪਾ ਜੀ ਆਏ ਹਨ

    Papa ji aaye han

    Dad has come

  • ਮੇਰੇ ਦਾਦਾ ਜੀ ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤਸਰ ਤੋਂ ਹਨ

    Mere dada ji Amritsar ton han

    My grandfather is from Amritsar

  • ਮੰਮੀ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ

    Mummy kehnde han

    Mom says

  • ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦਾ ਨਾਮ ਕੀ ਹੈ?

    Unhan da naam ki hai?

    What is his (or her) name?

    Unhan, the plural, for an elder.

  • ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ ਜੀ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ

    Guru Nanak Dev Ji kehnde han

    Guru Nanak Dev Ji says

Sahib, Bhai and Bibi

ਸਾਹਿਬ (Sahib) honors places, scripture and people: ਦਰਬਾਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ, ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ. At the Gurdwara, a man you don’t know is ਭਾਈ ਸਾਹਿਬ and a woman is ਬੀਬੀ ਜੀ.

  • ਦਰਬਾਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ

    Darbar Sahib

    Darbar Sahib, the Golden Temple in Amritsar

  • ਭਾਈ ਸਾਹਿਬ

    Bhai Sahib

    respected brother; sir

  • ਬੀਬੀ ਜੀ

    Bibi ji

    respected lady; ma’am

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Check yourself

  1. Question 1.To your grandfather: “How are you?”
  2. Question 2.Papa ji aaye han has a plural verb because…
  3. Question 3.My grandfather, respectfully: ___ dada ji
  4. Question 4.Someone calls your name. The polite answer is…
  5. Type it the way you’d text it. Spelling is forgiving: roti or rotee, achha or acha.

    Question 5.Say “Dad has come,” respectfully.

    Vowel length and doubled letters count on this one.

  6. Question 6.Say “Mom says,” respectfully.

    Vowel length and doubled letters count on this one.

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