Lesson 3 of 12
Skip to the quizWhose is it? da, di, de
Possession with da, di and de, and my, your, our: mera, tuhada, saada. They agree with the thing owned.
da, di, de: the Punjabi ’s
Punjabi puts the owner first, then ਦਾ, ਦੀ or ਦੇ, then the thing owned: ਪਾਪਾ ਦਾ ਫ਼ੋਨ (Papa da phone), Dad’s phone. Think of it as an ’s that stands after the owner as a word of its own.
The ending agrees with the thing owned, not with the owner: da for a masculine thing, di for a feminine one, de for masculine plural, and dian for feminine plural.
ਪਾਪਾ ਦਾ ਫ਼ੋਨ
Papa da phone
Dad’s phone
ਫ਼ੋਨ is masculine.
ਮੰਮੀ ਦੀ ਗੱਡੀ
Mummy di gaddi
Mom’s car
ਗੱਡੀ is feminine.
ਗੁਰੂ ਦਾ ਲੰਗਰ
Guru da langar
the Guru’s langar
ਅੱਜ ਦਾ ਹੁਕਮਨਾਮਾ
Ajj da Hukamnama
today’s Hukamnama
ਪੰਜਾਬ ਦੀਆਂ ਗੱਲਾਂ
Punjab dian gallan
stories of Punjab
ਗੱਲਾਂ is feminine plural, so dian.
My, your, our
The possessive words work the same way, with the same endings. His and her are one word: ਉਸ ਦਾ ਘਰ is his house or her house. Only the thing owned matters.
ਮੇਰਾ, ਮੇਰੀ, ਮੇਰੇ
mera, meri, mere
my
ਤੇਰਾ, ਤੇਰੀ, ਤੇਰੇ
tera, teri, tere
your, to a close friend or a child
ਤੁਹਾਡਾ, ਤੁਹਾਡੀ, ਤੁਹਾਡੇ
tuhada, tuhadi, tuhade
your, respectfully or to more than one
ਸਾਡਾ, ਸਾਡੀ, ਸਾਡੇ
saada, saadi, saade
our
ਉਸ ਦਾ, ਉਸ ਦੀ, ਉਸ ਦੇ
us da, us di, us de
his, her, its
ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦਾ, ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦੀ, ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦੇ
unhan da, unhan di, unhan de
their; his or her, respectfully
In sentences
Put together, these are some of the first sentences anyone says about their family.
ਇਹ ਮੇਰਾ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ ਹੈ
Ih mera parivaar hai
This is my family
ਤੁਹਾਡਾ ਨਾਮ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
Tuhada naam ki hai?
What is your name?
ਮੇਰੀ ਭੈਣ ਡਾਕਟਰ ਹੈ
Meri bhain doctor hai
My sister is a doctor
ਸਾਡੇ ਚਾਚਾ ਜੀ ਆਏ ਹਨ
Saade chacha ji aaye han
Our uncle has come
Saade and aaye are plural out of respect (lesson 10).
ਉਸ ਦੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਕਿੱਥੇ ਹੈ?
Us di kitaab kithe hai?
Where is his (or her) book?
Tip: Before an elder, the plural shows respect: mere papa ji, not mera. Many speakers do the same for women: mere mata ji.
Check yourself
Type it the way you’d text it. Spelling is forgiving: roti or rotee, achha or acha.
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