Sabak 5 / 12

Sidha quiz te jao

The present: I do, I am doing

Say what you usually do (main karda haan), what you are doing now (main kar riha haan), and that you don’t.

What you usually do

For something you do regularly, take the verb’s stem, add -da, -di, -de or -dian to match the subject, and end with “to be”: ਮੈਂ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਦਾ ਹਾਂ (main kamm karda haan), I work.

The stem is the verb without its -na: ਕਰਨਾ (karna, to do) gives kar-, and ਬੋਲਣਾ (bolna, to speak) gives bol-. After a vowel the ending picks up an n: ਜਾਣਾ (jana, to go) gives ਜਾਂਦਾ (janda), and ਖਾਣਾ (khana, to eat) gives ਖਾਂਦਾ (khanda).

  • ਮੈਂ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਦਾ ਹਾਂ

    Main kamm karda haan

    I work (a man speaking)

  • ਮੈਂ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਦੀ ਹਾਂ

    Main kamm kardi haan

    I work (a woman speaking)

  • ਉਹ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਬੋਲਦੇ ਹਨ

    Oh Punjabi bolde han

    They speak Punjabi

  • ਅਸੀਂ ਹਰ ਐਤਵਾਰ ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਾਂ

    Asi har aitvaar Gurdware jande haan

    We go to the Gurdwara every Sunday

  • ਤੁਸੀਂ ਕੀ ਕਰਦੇ ਹੋ?

    Tusi ki karde ho?

    What do you do?

    Also the usual way to ask about someone’s job.

What you are doing now

For something happening right now, use the stem, then ਰਿਹਾ, ਰਹੀ, ਰਹੇ or ਰਹੀਆਂ (riha, rahi, rahe, rahian) to match the subject, then “to be”.

  • ਮੈਂ ਰੋਟੀ ਖਾ ਰਿਹਾ ਹਾਂ

    Main roti kha riha haan

    I am eating (a man speaking)

  • ਤੁਸੀਂ ਕੀ ਕਰ ਰਹੇ ਹੋ?

    Tusi ki kar rahe ho?

    What are you doing?

  • ਮੰਮੀ ਖਾਣਾ ਬਣਾ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ

    Mummy khana bana rahe han

    Mom is cooking

    Rahe han, the plural, out of respect.

  • ਅਰਦਾਸ ਹੋ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ

    Ardaas ho rahi hai

    The ardaas is being offered

  • ਮੀਂਹ ਪੈ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ

    Meenh pai riha hai

    It is raining

Saying you don’t

Put ਨਹੀਂ (nahi) before the verb. In the usual-present, the “to be” at the end is normally dropped: ਮੈਂ ਮੀਟ ਨਹੀਂ ਖਾਂਦਾ (main meat nahi khanda), I don’t eat meat.

  • ਮੈਂ ਮੀਟ ਨਹੀਂ ਖਾਂਦਾ

    Main meat nahi khanda

    I don’t eat meat (a man speaking)

  • ਉਹ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਬੋਲਦੀ

    Oh Punjabi nahi boldi

    She doesn’t speak Punjabi

  • ਮੈਨੂੰ ਨਹੀਂ ਪਤਾ

    Mainu nahi pata

    I don’t know

Sujhaa: Hear yourself in these. A woman says kardi, rahi and khandi; a man says karda, riha and khanda.

Is sabak baare tutor nu puchho

Aapne aap nu parkho

  1. Sawal 1.A woman says “I work”: Main kamm ___ haan
  2. Sawal 2.What are you doing? Tusi ki kar ___ ho?
  3. Sawal 3.Main roti kha riha haan means…
  4. Sawal 4.A man says “I go”: Main ___ haan
  5. Jiven suneha likhde ho, uven hi likho. Shabad-jor di chhot hai: roti jaan rotee, achha jaan acha.

    Sawal 5.Say “I don’t know.”
  6. Sawal 6.Ask “What do you do?” respectfully.
  7. Sawal 7.Say “It is raining.”

Jaanche: 7 vichon 0

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